The Impact of Governance Application on Improving Performance

Summary of the book The Impact of Implementing Governance on Improving Performance in Government Institutions (A Case Study of the Syrian General Directorate of Customs)

Prepared by: Nahla Ahmed Al-Haik

Supervised by: Ahmed Fayez Al-Tabbaa

Syrian Virtual University - Master of Business Administration - 2016

Summary of the book The Impact of Governance Application on Improving Performance

The book "The Impact of Governance Implementation on Performance Improvement" aims to clarify the impact of applying governance principles on improving performance in government institutions, focusing on a case study of the Syrian General Directorate of Customs.

The book "The Impact of Governance Implementation on Performance Improvement" sheds light on the basic concepts of governance, its importance, principles, and the factors that influence its effectiveness in the governmental environment. It also examines the relationship between governance implementation and improved financial, institutional, and functional performance.

The book "The Impact of Governance Implementation on Performance Improvement" relies on a descriptive and analytical approach, using questionnaires directed at customs employees, customs brokers, and lawyers, with the aim of measuring the impact of governance on institutional performance.

Chapter One: General Framework of the Study

Chapter 1 includes:

1. Research problem

Government institutions suffer from problems related to poor administrative performance, corruption, lack of transparency, and unclear powers, which negatively impact operational efficiency and the services provided. Therefore, the research seeks to answer the central question:

How can the implementation of governance in the Syrian General Directorate of Customs contribute to improving financial, functional, and institutional performance?

2. Research hypotheses

The book The Impact of Governance Implementation on Performance Improvement assumes that governance implementation contributes to improving performance, and this includes the following sub-hypotheses:

• The principle of participation contributes to improving administrative performance.
• The principle of evaluation helps improve institutional efficiency.
• The principle of accountability reduces corruption and enhances integrity.
• The principle of transparency raises the level of trust in the institution.
• The principle of fairness and equality creates a more stable work environment.

3. The importance of research

The study highlights how governance contributes to improving government performance, reducing corruption, and raising the efficiency of human and material resources, which leads to achieving sustainable development and enhancing the quality of government services.

Chapter Two: The Concept of Governance and Its Importance in Government Institutions

Chapter Two of the book The Impact of Governance Application on Improving Performance includes:

1. Definition of governance

Governance refers to a set of rules and regulations that govern the relationship between management, shareholders, and stakeholders in an organization, with the aim of achieving transparency, accountability, and improving efficiency.

2. The importance of governance in government institutions

Governance is an effective tool for addressing financial crises, reducing waste, and achieving sound management. It also helps reduce administrative corruption by strengthening oversight and accountability mechanisms.

3. Basic Governance Principles

According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD),OECD), governance includes the following principles:

• Participation:Enhancing the role of stakeholders in decision-making.
• AccountabilityEnsuring that departments adhere to the implementation of laws.
• TransparencyProviding information accurately and clearly to stakeholders.
• justice and equality: Achieving a balanced and non-discriminatory work environment.
• Efficiency and effectiveness:Ensuring optimal utilization of resources.
• SustainabilityAchieving long-term administrative and financial stability.

4. Challenges of implementing governance in government institutions

• Lack of administrative awareness of the importance of governance.
• Resistance to change by employees and traditional management.
• Lack of tools and legislation supporting governance.
• Infrastructure and technology challenges.

Chapter Three: Institutional Performance and Its Measurement

Chapter Three of the book The Impact of Governance Application on Improving Performance includes:

1. Definition of institutional performance

Corporate performance refers to an organization's ability to achieve its goals efficiently and effectively by improving operations and management, reducing waste, and increasing productivity.

2. Performance measurement methods

Government performance can be measured by several criteria:

Financial standard: Revenues, expenses, and operating costs.

Administrative standard: Human resource efficiency, productivity, and employee satisfaction.

Functional standardThe organization's ability to achieve its strategic objectives.

Strategic StandardThe extent to which performance is consistent with the general objectives of the state.

3. The relationship between governance and performance improvement

• Governance contributes to improved financial performance by reducing corruption and improving revenues.
• It enhances the efficiency of administrative performance by strengthening control and accountability mechanisms.
• Enhance job performance by raising job satisfaction and improving the work environment.

Chapter Four: A Case Study of the Syrian General Directorate of Customs

Chapter 4 of the book The Impact of Governance Application on Improving Performance includes the following:

1. Definition of the Syrian General Directorate of Customs

The General Directorate of Customs is one of the most important government institutions, playing a key role in collecting customs revenues, combating smuggling, and regulating foreign trade.

2. Customs performance challenges in Syria

• Lack of transparency and accountability in customs operations.
• The spread of administrative corruption and bribery.
• Lack of effective governance systems in resource management.
• Inefficiency of electronic systems used in customs operations.

3. Statistical study results

The researcher relied on questionnaires distributed to customs employees, customs brokers, and lawyers. The results showed that:

• There is a strong link between the application of governance principles and improved customs performance.
• The principle of accountability has had the greatest impact in reducing corruption and enhancing integrity.
• The principle of transparency has contributed to improving the level of trust between employees and the public.
• The implementation of e-governance has been a crucial factor in improving the efficiency of customs performance.

4. Recommendations and suggestions

• The need to adopt an integrated electronic system to manage customs operations and increase transparency.
• Implement training programs to raise awareness of the importance of governance among employees.
• Developing laws and legislation that support accountability and oversight in the customs sector.
• Enhancing the role of automation and digitization in combating corruption and improving administrative performance.

The book, "The Impact of Governance Implementation on Performance Improvement," concluded that implementing governance principles directly contributes to improving government performance, particularly in customs institutions, as it leads to increased work efficiency, reduced waste, and enhanced integrity and transparency. The results also confirmed that governance is an effective tool for combating corruption and achieving sustainable development.

The researcher recommended the importance of developing laws and administrative systems to ensure government institutions adhere to governance standards. She also called for promoting digital transformation in customs institutions to maximize the benefits of modern technology.

The book "The Impact of Governance on Performance Improvement" discusses the impact of governance on improving performance in government institutions. It focuses on the Syrian General Directorate of Customs as a practical model, demonstrating the importance of governance in achieving efficiency and transparency, and reviewing the challenges facing its implementation.

Through field research, the research demonstrates that implementing governance principles contributes to improving financial, administrative, and functional performance. It also provides recommendations for enhancing e-governance and improving the customs work environment.

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